Metabolite Profiling of Kintamani and Preanger Arabica Roasted Coffees Using 1H NMR-Based Metabolomics

Metabolite Profiling of Kintamani and Preanger Arabica Roasted Coffees

Abstract

Kintamani and Preanger Arabica coffees are two of Indonesian popular coffees having unique flavors.  This study focused on comparing the metabolite profiles of roasted Arabica coffees from Kintamani-Bali and Preanger-West Java using ¹H NMR-based metabolomics. A total of 24 metabolites were identified, including chlorogenic acids, trigonelline, acetic acid, caffeine, and various organic acids.  Evaluation using PLSDA technique successfully separated metabolite profiles of Kintamani and Preanger coffees. The PLSDA model identified trigonelline, caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs), and arabinose as key differentiating metabolites for Preanger coffees, while mannose, quinic acid, lipids, citric acid, and malic acid were dominant in Kintamani coffees. These findings highlight the influence of regional factors on the metabolite composition of Indonesian Arabica coffees and can contribute to quality control and authentication efforts in the coffee industry.